hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia is the excessive production of prolactin (the hormone responsible for milk production). An excess of prolactin can suppress ovulation and can be symptomatic of hypothyroidism (when the body does not produce enough thyroid hormone) or luteal phase defects.

symptoms

In women, symptoms of this condition include galactorrhea (the production of breast milk by non-nursing women) and anovulation (when a woman does not ovulate)

causes

Hyperprolactinemia can be caused by several factors such as:

• Tumors on the pituitary gland (called prolactinomas)
• Thyroid gland disorder
• Surgical scars on the chest wall and other chest wall irritations (such as shingles)
• Medications including some tranquilizers, antihypertensives and antinausea drugs
• Oral contraceptives and recreational drugs (such as marijuana)

treatment

A blood test can detect elevated prolactin levels. An MRI of the head may be warranted to rule out a pituitary tumor, especially if you are experiencing symptoms such as blurred vision.

Both drug and surgical methods are used to treat hyperprolactinemia:

• Bromocriptine is used to reduce excessive prolactin levels.
• Clomiphene is used to induce ovulation.
• Surgery is used to remove tumors (a more risky procedure).